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Data Management Plans (DMP)

Describing and Naming Data

Consider FAIR principles to ensure that data is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. Make data fair by using standard file formats and consistent file naming conventions, describing data with appropriate metadata, using Creative Commons licensing, and depositing data in a repository with a persistent identifier. 

File Naming Conventions and Formats: Use consistent file names to help you stay organized, identify files, and navigate your data. For example, using the ISO standard for dates: YYYY-MM-DD will provide clarity and avoid confusion. Save files in a non-proprietary format that can be opened in either Windows or Mac for greater accessibility. The University of Ottawa File Naming Guide and the University of British Colombia RDM Guide have more advice on file naming and organization of data. DataverseNO has examples of preferred file formats and preparing data. 

Metadata is data that describes data and makes it searchable in an archive or repository. For more information on metadata and file naming, see the University of Toronto Research Data Management research guide. Thompson Rivers University provides a metadata template and an example for organizing and naming datasets.

Metadata elements to consider (University of Calgary):

  • Title
  • Creator (eg. ORCiD)
  • Data created (including versions)
  • Format
  • Subject
  • Unique identifier (eg. DOI)
  • Description of the specific data resource
  • Coverage of the data
  • Publisher
  • Type of resource
  • Language
  • Rights (ethic/legal)
  • Funding or granting agency
  • Affiliations

Data licensing defines permissions and access by describing how others can use your data. Creative Commons and Open Data Commons are options for outlining copyright permissions for your data. Repositories will have varying expectations for licensing and offer different levels of support. 

Further Reading

Data Management Skill Building Hub by DataOne is a collection of open educational resources with lessons, videos, and other best practice resources. 

Briney, K.A., Coates, H., & Goben, A. (2020). Foundational practices of research data management. Research Ideas and Outcomes, 6, 1- 17. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.6.e56508  

Thompson, K., Hill, E., Carlisle-Johnston, E., Dennie, D., & Fortin, E. (2023). Research data management in the Canadian context: A guide for practitioners and learners. Western University. https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub/canadardm/